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Shorter Disease Duration Is Associated With Higher Rates of Response to Vedolizumab in Patients With Crohn's Disease But Not Ulcerative Colitis.

TitleShorter Disease Duration Is Associated With Higher Rates of Response to Vedolizumab in Patients With Crohn's Disease But Not Ulcerative Colitis.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2019
AuthorsFaleck DM, Winters A, Chablaney S, Shashi P, Meserve J, Weiss A, Aniwan S, Koliani-Pace JL, Kochhar G, Boland BS, Singh S, Hirten R, Shmidt E, Kesar V, Lasch K, Luo M, Bohm M, Varma S, Fischer M, Hudesman D, Chang S, Lukin D, Sultan K, Swaminath A, Gupta N, Siegel CA, Shen B, Sandborn WJ, Kane S, Loftus EV, Sands BE, Colombel J-F, Dulai PS, Ungaro R
JournalClin Gastroenterol Hepatol
Volume17
Issue12
Pagination2497-2505.e1
Date Published2019 11
ISSN1542-7714
KeywordsAdult, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Colitis, Ulcerative, Crohn Disease, Endoscopy, Digestive System, Female, Gastrointestinal Agents, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Registries, Remission Induction, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Young Adult
Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but not ulcerative colitis (UC), of shorter duration have higher rates of response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists than patients with longer disease duration. Little is known about the association between disease duration and response to other biologic agents. We aimed to evaluate response of patients with CD or UC to vedolizumab, stratified by disease duration.

METHODS: We analyzed data from a retrospective, multicenter, consortium of patients with CD (n = 650) or UC (n = 437) treated with vedolizumab from May 2014 through December 2016. Using time to event analyses, we compared rates of clinical remission, corticosteroid-free remission (CSFR), and endoscopic remission between patients with early-stage (≤2 years duration) and later-stage (>2 years) CD or UC. We used Cox proportional hazards models to identify factors associated with outcomes.

RESULTS: Within 6 months initiation of treatment with vedolizumab, significantly higher proportions of patients with early-stage CD, vs later-stage CD, achieved clinical remission (38% vs 23%), CSFR (43% vs 14%), and endoscopic remission (29% vs 13%) (P < .05 for all comparisons). After adjusting for disease-related factors including previous exposure to TNF antagonists, patients with early-stage CD were significantly more likely than patients with later-stage CD to achieve clinical remission (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.59; 95% CI, 1.02-2.49), CSFR (aHR, 3.39; 95% CI, 1.66-6.92), and endoscopic remission (aHR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.06-3.39). In contrast, disease duration was not a significant predictor of response among patients with UC.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CD for 2 years or less are significantly more likely to achieve a complete response, CSFR, or endoscopic response to vedolizumab than patients with longer disease duration. Disease duration does not associate with response vedolizumab in patients with UC.

DOI10.1016/j.cgh.2018.12.040
Alternate JournalClin Gastroenterol Hepatol
PubMed ID30625408
PubMed Central IDPMC7026826
Grant ListK23 DK111995 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States