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Multidrug resistance is common in Escherichia coli associated with ileal Crohn's disease.

TitleMultidrug resistance is common in Escherichia coli associated with ileal Crohn's disease.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2013
AuthorsDogan B, Scherl E, Bosworth B, Yantiss R, Altier C, McDonough PL, Jiang Z-D, Dupont HL, Garneau P, Harel J, Rishniw M, Simpson KW
JournalInflamm Bowel Dis
Volume19
Issue1
Pagination141-50
Date Published2013 Jan
ISSN1536-4844
KeywordsAdult, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cells, Cultured, Crohn Disease, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Infections, Escherichia coli Proteins, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Ileum, Macrophages, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Mutation, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli is increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of ileal Crohn's disease (ICD), offering a potential therapeutic target for disease management. Empirical antimicrobial targeting of ileal E. coli has advantages of economy and speed of implementation, but relies on uniform susceptibility of E. coli to routinely selected antimicrobials to avoid apparent treatment failure. Therefore, we examined the susceptibility of ileal E. coli to such antimicrobials.

METHODS: E. coli from 32 patients with ICD and 28 with normal ileum (NI) were characterized by phylogroup, pathotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, and presence of antimicrobial resistance genes.

RESULTS: In all, 17/32 ICD and 12/28 NI patients harbored ≥ 1 E. coli strain; 10/24 E. coli strains from ICD and 2/14 from NI were nonsuscepti-ble to ≥ 1 antimicrobial in ≥ 3 categories (multidrug-resistant). Resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxa-cin, gentamicin, and rifaximin was restricted to ICD, with 10/24 strains from 8/17 patients resistant to ciprofloxacin or rifaximin (P < 0.01). Adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) were isolated from 8/32 ICD and 5/28 NI, and accounted for 54% and 43% of E. coli strains in these groups. In all, 8/13 AIEC strains from ICD (6/8 patients) versus 2/6 NI (2/5 patients) showed resistance to the macrophage-penetrating antimicrobials ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, rifampicin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Resistance was associated with tetA, tetB, tetC, bla-(TEM), bla(oxa)-1, sulI, sulII, dhfrI, dhfrVII, ant(3″)-Ia, and catI genes and prior use of rifaximin (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: ICD-associated E. coli frequently manifest resistance to commonly used antimicrobials. Clinical trials of antimicrobials against E. coli in ICD that are informed by susceptibility testing, rather than empirical selection, are more likely to demonstrate valid outcomes of such therapy.

DOI10.1002/ibd.22971
Alternate JournalInflamm. Bowel Dis.
PubMed ID22508665